The Mahakumbh 2025 in Prayagraj has witnessed an overwhelming 58 crore devotees since January 13, as pilgrims bathed at the holy Triveni Sangam. However, concerns over Ganga’s water quality have sparked debates. A CPCB report highlighted high fecal coliform levels, while the UP government countered with scientific evidence asserting the water’s purity. Experts remain divided—some cite potential health risks, while others, including Padma Shri Dr. Ajay Kumar Sonkar, found no alarming bacterial presence. The UP government maintains that the river remains safe for rituals. The event was graced by PM Modi, Amit Shah, Rajnath Singh, Yogi Adityanath, and Bollywood celebrities, making it a historic gathering.
The Mahakumbh 2025 in Prayagraj has drawn over 58 crore devotees since January 13. They bathed in the sacred waters of Triveni Sangam, where the Ganga, Yamuna, and Saraswati rivers meet. However, concerns about Ganga water quality have sparked debates. A Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) report flagged high levels of fecal coliform bacteria. The Uttar Pradesh government insists the water is pure, citing scientific evidence.
Ganga Water Quality: What Experts Say
Professor Umesh Kumar Singh from the University of Allahabad reviewed the CPCB report. He noted increased fecal coliform levels but said the data lacks details on nitrates and phosphates. “Dissolved oxygen levels are good,” he said. “Based on this, the water at Triveni Sangam is safe for bathing.” Meanwhile, Padma Shri Dr. Ajay Kumar Sonkar tested samples from five ghats, including Sangam Nose. His lab found no bacterial growth or pH drop despite millions bathing. He dismissed pollution claims, saying hospitals would be full if the water were unsafe.
Understanding Fecal Coliform and BOD
Fecal coliform bacteria come from animal and human waste. If ingested, they can cause diarrhea and stomach issues. The CPCB report also measured Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). BOD shows how much oxygen bacteria need to break down organic matter. On January 13, BOD was 3.94 mg/L. It dropped to 1 mg/L by January 15, then rose to 3.26 mg/L on January 29. High BOD means more organic matter, reducing oxygen for aquatic life. This could affect health if contaminated water is consumed.
UP Government’s Stance
The UP government defends Ganga’s purity. They highlight Dr. Sonkar’s findings and compare the water to alkaline water. “No global outcry has happened,” they said. “This proves the river is clean.”
Who Attended Mahakumbh 2025?
The event saw dignitaries like PM Narendra Modi, who bathed on February 5. Home Minister Amit Shah, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, and CM Yogi Adityanath also took a dip. Bollywood stars like Mamta Kulkarni, Anupam Kher, and Hema Malini joined the sacred gathering.
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